Introduction Methane, a simple hydrocarbon (CH₄), is abundant and can be sourced from both fossil fuels (natural gas) and renewable sources (biogas). It can be processed into hydrogen, carbon, and other compounds through methods such as pyrolysis and reforming, which can then be used to create EV battery components. This contribution can be reformed in…

Despite the Global EV growth reaching 35% year-on-year in 2023 to reach 14.2 million units, issues such as limited range, high upfront costs, and insufficient charging infrastructure are major barriers to widespread EV adoption.  For example, most electric cars can travel an average of 300 km (186 miles) on a single charge. Also, Volvo found…

Introduction EV battery reliability is dependent on maximizing the number of charge/discharge cycles and minimizing capacity fade.  EV batteries lose efficiency with a self-discharge rate exceeding 5% in 24 hours. Dropping below 80% capacity indicates the battery’s nearing replacement. This can occur due to high-power DC fast charging that generates heat, accelerating degradation. Similarly, extreme…